Antoy Gagawaen na RFID Card?
Dec 25, 2025
Mangiter na mensahe .
Antoy Gagawaen na RFID Card?
Nayarin aka-tap ka la naRFID cardaminpiga ed sayan simba ya ag ko ni inisip. Susi na kuarto ed hotel, access badge ed bilding, nayarin sakey a transit card-kada sakey et akagawa na trabaho to ed loob na kapalduan segundo. Maslak a totoo et ag da nononoten no antoy nagagawa: satan ya simplin tap so sengegan na saray electromagnetic ya ebento ya singa science fiction nen talomplon taon lay apalabas.
Wala ni so nagagawa nen say pakabidbiran labat. Say sakey a bengatla ya anggapoy baterya, anggapoy nanengneng ya koneksion, tan anggapoy onkukurang a parte et makagawa ed amin na saya anggan panon.
Say Power Harvest et nagagawa ed loob na pigaran microseconds
Mangiyan na RFID card ya asingger ed sakey a reader. Agmo labat ipapaapit so duaran bengatla.
Say antenna na manbabasa et manggagawa na alternating magnetic field ed sakey ya espisipikon frequency (13.56 MHz parad maslak ya access card tan sistema na pambayar). Sayan field so mangiiter na kuryente ed coil antenna na card panamegley na mutual inductance. Nanenengneng mo so sakey a malukak ya transformer ya onleletaw ed pegley na dagem.
Say coupling coefficient ed baetan na reader tan card et kaslakan ya walad 0.01 anggad 0.1. Pigpigara labat na magnetic field na manbabasa so talagan mikonektaan ed kard. Balet ta magenap la itan. Say rectifier circuit na card et manguuman ed alternating current ed direct current ya walay 65-73% ya efficiency, anggano say input power et anggad -12 dBm. Maslak ya desinyo et manguusar na Dickson charge pump odino cross-connected CMOS configuration. Diad loob na pigaran microseconds, say internal chip et akatipon na magenap ya pakayari pian makabangon, makagawa na programa to, tan makaebat.
13.56 MHz
65-73% Efficiency
Microseconds
Say pisika et magmaliw ya kontra ed inkadunong. Say biskeg na magnetic field et onkupas ed peles ya 1/r3 no kaarawi, kanian kaukolan mon awiten so card ed loob na pigaran sentimetro. Say maples ya inkabulok et talagan manseserbin seguridad. Kaukolan ya i-press na managtakew so reader ya diretso ed pitakam pian na-skim so data na card mo.
Antoy Peteg ya Gagawaen na Chip ya Likud ed Pakabidbiran
Saray modernon chips et walaan na apatiran nanduruman memory bank ed sub-millimeter silicon.
Reserved Bank
Makakarga na 64 bits parad saray kill tan access ya password. Saraya so literal ya self-destruct codes ya permanentin mamatunda ed tag no nakompromiso.
EPC Bank
Iyan so Electronic Product Code, ya kaslakan et 96-128 bits ya manseserbin pakabidbiran na card.
TID Bank
Walay kabaliksan na manufacturer- ya ag nayarin umanen, anggan kapigan.
Memory na User
Manlapud zero anggad 8 kilobits depende ed chip tan walaan na custom application data.
Say pangipaakseb et mandumaan a maong dia. Say basic hotel key card et nayarin mangusar labat na 512 bits ed kabuoan, ya magenap labat pian mipara ed numero na kuarto tan petsa na expiration. Say payment card a singa saramay manguusar na MIFARE DESFire EV3 et manguusar na kompleton AES-128 encryption ya walay mutual authentication, maligen ya panagmensahe ya manguusar na CMAC standards, tan session key derivation. Say pandumaan et aglabat saray pamparakep. Ikokomparam so sakey a kandado ya nayarin alaen mo ed loob na pigaran minuto sumpad sakey ya mangala na pigaran siglo pian na-crack anggano walay dedikadon hardware.
Say teknolohiya na memorya so mismon mandetermina na abilidad. Maslak ya card et manguusar na EEPROM ya walay 10,000 anggad 100,000 ya write cycles tan 3-10 millisecond write times. Magenap la itan no manprograma ka na card ya maminsan parad access ed bilding. Saray sistema na transportasyon ya saray kard et mansusulat na aminpigapiga ed inagew-agew? Nadederal so EEPROM. Saray premium ya implementasyon et manguusar na FRAM (Ferroelectric RAM) imbes, ya makadampot na 10 bilyon ya write cycles ed 50 nanosecond ya kapeles. Mas maples itan na 1,000 beses nen say EEPROM bangta 100 beses ya mas abeba so uusaren ton kuryente legan na panagbasa.
Say UHF et mankikimey ed nanduruman pisika
Aliwan amin ya RFID card et mankikimey panamegley na inductive coupling. Saray Ultra-high-frequency systems ya mankikimey ed kaliberliber na 915 MHz et manguusar na backscatter modulation imbes ya-say tag antenna et mangaala na electromagnetic waves tan ipawil to iratan legan ya i-modulate toy dilin radar cross-section to.
Saray HF card ya 13.56 MHz et manlalapud sakey metro. Saray UHF tags et naynay ya nabasa ed 10-15 metros. Say tradeoff: say UHF performance et onlelereg ed kaliberliber na metal tan likido. Agmo nanengneng so UHF payment card ta say pitaka mo ya napno na credit card et manggawa na Faraday cage.
Say Seguridad et Manlapud Makadesyang ya Aderal anggad Agla Naderal
Antoy nagawaan na arum ya too ya RFID card mo no anggapoy permisom?
Say Nabuyak
Say pamilya na MIFARE Classic, ya wala ni ed minilyon ya sistema na access ed bilding tan pigaran daan lan transit network, et manguusar na proprietary cipher ya tatawagen ya CRYPTO1 ya walay 48-bit ya key tan makapuy ya linear feedback shift register. Dakel so paraan na panangataki. Say nested authentication exploit et mangikokonekta ed saray keystream pian nabawi iray tombok ed loob na sakey minuto kada tombok. Say Darkside attack et agmankaukolan na zero ya pidedeneng na manbabasa. Adiskobre na saray researcher so hardware backdoor ed FM11RF08S cards nen Agosto 2024 ya makapangiter na kompleton data extraction ed loob na duaran oras panamegley na sakey a command bit.
No say bilding yo et manguusar na MIFARE Classic parad access control, saray kandado et epektibon dekorasyon.
Say Ag-Nabuyak
Saray modernon card et mangipapaakseb na AES-128 ya encryption ya walay ngalngalin 3,000-4,000 ya gate-equivalent ya hardware ya manguusar na kulang ya 9 microamps. Say pan-break ed AES-128 panamegley na brute force et mankaukolan na pan-test na 2^128 ya posiblin tombok. Baleg itan a bilang ya no ginmapo ka nen ginmapo so uniberso tan sinubok mo so sakey trilyon a tombok kada segundo, mankikimey ka nin siansia ed satan no onsabi so banwa. Say MIFARE DESFire EV2 tan EV3 ya pamilya et manggagawa na clone ya ngalngali imposibli anggano nabasa na manag-atake iray transmisyon na card.
Say cryptography et ag makadepensa ed saray relay attacks. Saray manag-atake et mangiiter na lehitimon komunikasyon ya uusaren iray radio transceiver. Saraya so nipanengneng sumpad Dutch transit cards panamegley na Bluetooth diad distansya ya masulok ya 50 metros. Diad tua, walay nayarin mangusar na card mo legan ya wala nid bulsam ed biek na paradaan. Saray distance bounding protocols ya mangibabaliw ed signal timing et makadetekta ed saraya ya 100% so inkasusto tan sub-1% ya palson positibo, balet dakel ed saray deploy ya sistema so andian na sayan proteksion
Real-World Deployments
Disney MagicBand
Manproseso na masulok ya 76 milyon ya tinaon ya bisita ya manguusar na RFID wristbands parad pakaloob ed kuarto, pakaloob ed parke, panagreserba na FastPass, panagsaliw, tan automatikon panag-synchronize na litrato. Nanengneng na saray manbabasa iray banda ya anggad 40 a mitro so kaarawi ra. Masulok ya $1 bilyon ya pinansyal ya pundo ed imprastraktura.
Delta Air Lines
Angiyan na 4,600 ya RFID scanner ed 84 ya airport, ya akadampot na 99.9% ya inkasusto na panag-track na bagahe.
Decathlon
Say pangiyaplika so amabaleg ed inkasusto na imbentaryo manlapud 86-90% ya anggad 99.2%, ya amawala na oras na panag-checkout manlapud 20+ minuto ya anggad kulang na sakey minuto.
Antoy Kabaliksan na Saya parad Siopaman ya Walay Dakel ya RFID Card
Nayarin walay talora anggad limaran RFID card mo ed pitaka mo natan. Pakaloob ed bilding, transit pass, payment card, nayarin pan-gym membership.
Balang sakey et mankikimey ed sarili ton frequency band ya walay sarili ton security implementation. Ag ira mansasakitan lapud saray manbabasa et mankekerew na espisipikon protocol. Say building access reader yo et ag talaga makapitongtong ed credit card yo anggano sinali yo.
Kanian antoy nepeg mon amtaen nipaakar ed saray awit mo?
Nengnengen no kasin say bilding yo et manguusar na MIFARE Classic (no say card et walaan labat na serial number ya akaimprinta, seguradon wala).
Isipen no kasin say tindaan na transit card mo et mankantidad ed lugar yo odino sakey labat ya reperensya na account. Say lokal a panag-imbantak et mankabaliksan na pakaandi na kard et mankabaliksan na pakaandi na kuarta.
Saray contactless payment card et nayarin basaen manlapud pigaran sentimetro so kaarawi to, kanian wala ray RFID-blocking wallets. Say aktual ya peligro na drive-by skimming et mansiansian teorya lapud limitasyon na card tan transaction logging.
Say teknolohiya et aliwan mahiko tan aliwan misteryoso. Saya et electromagnetic induction o backscatter modulation, energy harvesting circuits, non-volatile memory, tan communication protocols. Say makapadinayew ed saya et amin na saya et onloob ed sakey a pakete ya sarag mon ibaluktot ya ag-onkapuy, manbili na daiset so panggawa ed sukat, tan napanmatalkan ya onkikiwas kanian tinmunda kan mannonot ed satan pigaran taon lay apalabas.
Ipawit so Pantepet